Canine babesiosis is a significant tick-borne disease caused by various species of the protozoan genus Babesia. Dogs of all ages can be affected by Babesia spp., but young puppies are more commonly affected. Dogs infected with babesiosis may present with various clinical signs, including abnormally dark urine, depression, lethargy, fever, weakness, vomiting, pale gums and anorexia.
A precise and fast diagnosis plays a vital role in treating infected dogs. Diagnostic tests include light microscopy, serological diagnosis and molecular diagnosis. Treatment for canine babesiosis consists of three components: treatment to eliminate the parasite, blood transfusions to treat severe anemia, and supportive care for the complications. The most effective preventive measure is avoiding exposure to the vector by routinely dipping or spraying pets or using tick collars or spot-on preparations.
